Cosamin ASU is an advanced proprietary formulation that combines NMX1000 avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) with Cosamin's FCHG49 glucosamine and pharmaceutical-grade TRH122 sodium chondroitin sulfate. For over a decade, Cosamin DS has served as the premium joint health supplement on the market. By combining the exclusive ingredients found in Cosamin DS with ASU, Nutramax Laboratories, Inc. has made the best even better. Cosamin ASU is a dual synergistic formula: its specific combination of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate have demonstrated synergy in stimulating cartilage production, 1 while ASU also acts synergistically with glucosamine. ASU (avocado/soybean unsaponifiables) is obtained from avocados and soybeans. A potent ingredient demonstrated to protect cartilage which leads to improved joint function, ASU complements the effects of the other ingredients. While working through their own primary mechanisms of action, ASU, glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate together deliver comprehensive joint health support. Our trademarked glucosamine hydrochloride, chondroitin sulfate, and avocado/soybean unsaponifiables together were shown in cell studies to be better than the combination of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate at inhibiting expression of several agents involved in cartilage breakdown. This product is for human use. Cosamin ASU Joint Health Supplement is NOT an animal health product. Directions: Suggested Use Serving Size 4 capsules Maximum Protection 4 Capsules Per Day Maintenance(Once desired effect is noticed) Gradually reduce the number of capsules to maintain comfort level.